Open Access Policy

This journal provides immediate open access to all published content based on the principle that freely accessible research promotes a wider global exchange of knowledge. All articles published in this journal are available online without subscription fees or access barriers.

All articles in this journal are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license. This license allows anyone to read, download, copy, distribute, print, link to, and adapt the work for any lawful purpose, provided that:

  1. Proper attribution is given to the original authors and the journal,
  2. A link to the CC BY-SA 4.0 license is included, and
  3. Any adapted or derivative works are distributed under the same license as the original.

Copyright remains with the authors. By adopting this open license, the journal supports transparency, collaboration, and the broad dissemination of scientific knowledge to researchers, educators, students, and the general public.